Japan's rich history is reflected in its impressive feudal castles that have stood the test of time. These castles not only served as military fortresses but also as symbols of power and wealth for their feudal lords. Visiting these magnificent castles provides a rare opportunity to experience the historic architectural and cultural achievements of Japan.
The 10 castles on this list are examples of various architectural designs, ranging from traditional Japanese to European-inspired designs. Others have endured for centuries, while some have been rebuilt after being destroyed in wars or fires. The list includes Matsumoto Castle, renowned for its striking black and white exterior, and Himeji Castle, frequently regarded as the best example of conventional Japanese castle architecture.
For those interested in history, architecture, or cultural exploration, including these castles on a Japan itinerary is a recommended choice. Witness the country's feudal past through the impressive engineering and artistic feats of Japanese ancestors.
10 Himeji Castle
Himeji Castle is considered one of the most magnificent feudal castles in Japan. The construction of Himeji Castle started in 1333, and it was completed in 1609, over more than 270 years. The castle went through several phases of expansion and renovation during this time, with the majority of the work being carried out in the 16th and early 17th centuries.
The castle's elegant design and complex system of defensive structures reflect the architectural and strategic ingenuity of Japan's feudal period. Himeji Castle served as the stronghold of the powerful feudal lords of the region and played a vital role in Japan's feudal politics and military campaigns. Today, it stands as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of Japan's most popular tourist destinations, providing a glimpse into the country's rich history and culture.
- Date of construction: Started in 1333, completed in 1609
9 Matsumoto Castle
Matsumoto Castle is one of Japan's most famous and unique feudal castles. Construction on the castle began in 1592, by order of the feudal lord Ishikawa Kazumasa, and it took several years to complete. The castle is known for its striking black exterior, which gives it the nickname "Crow Castle," and its five-tiered donjon.
The castle's architecture was designed to be both aesthetically pleasing and practical, with advanced defensive features such as hidden doors, steep staircases, and strategic windows for archers. Matsumoto Castle played an important role in Japan's feudal era, serving as the home of several prominent feudal lords. Today, it is a popular tourist destination and a designated National Treasure, attracting visitors from all over the world.
- Date of construction: 1592
8 Osaka Castle
Osaka Castle is a magnificent Japanese feudal castle located in Chuo Ward, Osaka. The castle was originally built in 1583 by the powerful feudal lord Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who sought to establish a symbol of his power and authority in the region. The castle played an important role in Japan's history, serving as a military base during the Edo period and later as a symbol of national pride during the Meiji Restoration.
The castle underwent extensive renovations in the 1930s and again in the 1990s, and today it stands as one of Japan's most iconic landmarks. Visitors can explore the castle's beautiful grounds and gardens, visit the castle museum to learn about its history, and climb to the top of the castle tower for a breathtaking view of the city. This is one of the coolest museums you can only find in Japan. The castle is also surrounded by a beautiful park that is home to thousands of cherry blossom trees, making it a popular destination for cherry blossom viewing in the spring. Visiting this park and castle is one of the best things to do in Osaka.
- Date of construction: 1583
7 Nagoya Castle
Nagoya Castle is a famous feudal castle located in Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. It was built in 1612 by Tokugawa Ieyasu, the founder of the Tokugawa Shogunate, who wanted to establish a stronghold in the region to protect his territories. The castle underwent several renovations and expansions over the years, but it was mostly destroyed during World War II.
The castle was reconstructed in 1959, and today it stands as a beautiful example of Japan's traditional architecture and culture. Nagoya Castle is known for its distinctive golden shachihoko, which are mythical creatures with the head of a tiger and the body of a fish, and for its impressive donjon or keep, which rises 48 meters above ground level.
- Date of construction: 1612
6 Kumamoto Castle
Kumamoto Castle is a magnificent Japanese feudal castle located in Kumamoto City, Kumamoto Prefecture. The castle was originally built in 1607 by the powerful feudal lord Katō Kiyomasa, and it was expanded and renovated by subsequent lords over the years. The castle is known for its impressive stone walls, moats, and turrets, which were designed to be both functional and aesthetically pleasing.
Kumamoto Castle was also designed with a complex system of defensive features, including secret passages, hidden rooms, and trapdoors, which were used during times of siege. Kumamoto Castle suffered extensive damage during the Kumamoto earthquake of 2016, but it is currently undergoing restoration work to restore its former glory. The restoration work is expected to be completed in the coming years, and the castle will once again be a symbol of the region's history and culture.
- Date of construction: 1607
5 Nijo Castle
Nijo Castle is a famous Japanese feudal castle located in Kyoto, Japan. It was built in 1603 by the powerful feudal lord Tokugawa Ieyasu, who wanted to establish a stronghold in the region to protect his territories. The castle is known for its distinctive architecture, which combines traditional Japanese design elements with Chinese and European influences. Nijo Castle is also famous for its "nightingale floors", which are designed to squeak loudly to warn of any intruders. The castle has a moat, high walls, and various gates, all designed to protect it from attack.
Today, Nijo Castle is a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors from all over the world who come to marvel at its stunning architecture and rich history. The castle is a designated UNESCO World Heritage Site and is considered to be one of the best examples of feudal Japanese architecture. Visitors can explore the castle's beautiful gardens, palace buildings, and defensive structures, and learn about Japan's feudal past.
- Date of construction: 1603
4 Hirosaki Castle
Hirosaki Castle is a stunning Japanese feudal castle located in Hirosaki, Aomori Prefecture. The castle was built in 1611 by the powerful feudal lord Tsugaru Tamenobu, who wanted to establish a stronghold in the region to protect his territories. The castle is famous for its beautiful architecture and unique location, situated atop a hill with stunning views of the surrounding countryside. Hirosaki Castle is also known for its beautiful cherry blossoms, which bloom in the spring and attract thousands of visitors each year.
The castle underwent extensive renovations in the 19th century and was designated a National Treasure in 1931. Today, Hirosaki Castle is a popular tourist destination. Visitors can explore the castle's beautiful gardens, palace buildings, and defensive structures and learn about the history of the region. The castle is also home to a museum that showcases the art and culture of the Tsugaru region.
- Date of construction: 1611
3 Inuyama Castle
Inuyama Castle is a beautiful Japanese feudal castle located in Inuyama City, Aichi Prefecture. The castle was built in 1537 by Oda Nobuyasu, a powerful samurai lord, and is one of the oldest surviving castles in Japan. The castle is situated atop a hill overlooking the Kiso River and is famous for its beautiful architecture and impressive defensive features, including stone walls and turrets.
Inuyama Castle has been designated as a National Treasure and is a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors from all over the world who come to admire its stunning beauty and rich history. Visitors can explore the castle's beautiful gardens, palace buildings, and defensive structures and learn about the region's feudal past. The castle is also home to a museum that showcases the art and culture of the region, including samurai weapons and armor, traditional crafts, and works of art. Inuyama Castle is a testament to Japan's rich cultural heritage and is a must-visit destination for anyone interested in the country's feudal history.
- Date of construction: 1537
2 Takamatsu Castle
Takamatsu Castle is a historic Japanese feudal castle located in Takamatsu City, Kagawa Prefecture. The castle was built in 1590 by the powerful feudal lord Ikoma Chikamasa, who wanted to establish a stronghold in the region to protect his territories. The castle is famous for its beautiful architecture and unique location, situated atop a hill with stunning views of the surrounding countryside. Additionally, Takamatsu Castle is well-known for its stunning cherry blossoms, which bloom in the spring and draw so many tourists every year.
The castle underwent extensive renovations in the 17th century and was designated a National Treasure in 1952. In addition to its stunning architecture and gardens, Takamatsu Castle is also renowned for its historical significance. During the Meiji Restoration, the castle played a critical role in the modernization of Japan by serving as a military training ground. It was here that soldiers were trained in Western-style warfare, and the castle served as a symbol of Japan's commitment to modernization and progress.
- Date of construction: 1590
1 Maruoka Castle
Maruoka Castle is a picturesque Japanese feudal castle located in Sakai City, Fukui Prefecture. The castle was built in 1576 by the powerful feudal lord Shibata Katsutoyo, who wanted to establish a stronghold in the region to protect his territories. The castle is known for its unique five-story donjon, which is the oldest surviving wooden castle tower in Japan. The castle also features impressive defensive features such as a moat, stone walls, and turrets.
Maruoka Castle has been designated as an Important Cultural Property and is a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors from all over the world who come to admire its stunning beauty and rich history. The castle is also surrounded by a beautiful park that showcases the natural beauty of the area. In addition, the castle holds various events throughout the year, including cherry blossom viewing in the spring and a light-up event in the winter.
- Date of construction: 1576